Harvest: The grapes are picked when they are ripe. This is determined by taste and sugar.
Stemmer/Crusher Machine: This machine removes the stems and pips from the bunches and crushes the grapes so that they are exposed to the yeast for fermenting and the skins can give the wine a better colour.
Fermentation: Yeast turns the sugar in the wine mostly into carbon dioxide, heat and alcohol.
Maceration:This is a period when the berries are allowed to crush naturally and themust(juice and solids) pick up flavour, tannin and colour. Left too long the wine can taste bitter, too short and it is thin.